ost(h)-; ost(h)i, ost(h)r(g), obl. ost(h)-(e)n-

    ost(h)-; ost(h)i, ost(h)r(g), obl. ost(h)-(e)n-

    English meaning: bone

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “Knochen”

    Material: O.Ind. ásthi n., gen. asth-n-áḥ “leg, bone”, Av. ast-, asti- n. “bone”, gen. pl. astąm, instr. pl. azdbīš, asti-aojah- “Knochenkraft”, astǝn-tüt “ vitality “; püli aṭṭhitaco “Krebs” (*asthi-tvacas “knochenhäutig”, compare to meaning Gk. ὀστακός “Meerkrebs”); Gk. ὀστέον “bone” (probably *οστέι̯-ον “*Beinernes” = Lat. osseum ds.), Lat. оssu, ossua probably as innovation after genu, genua; ὀστακός (hellenist. to ἀστακός assimil.) “Meerkrebs” from *ὀστ-τFακο- “dessen skin bone are”, next to which of r-stem ὄστρακον “hard bowl, shard”, ὄστρεον “Auster” (probably also ὀστρύς, ὀστρύα, ὀστρυΐς “tree with hartem, weißem wood” through dissimilation from *ὀστρο-δρυς), ἀστράγαλος “ankle” (assimil. from *ὀστράγαλος; places einen nom. *ost(h)r̥g ahead); wenat. ostũakon “ossuürium”; Alb. asht, ashtë “bone”; Lat. os, more properly oss, gen. ossis n. “leg, bone” (oss am ehesten Auslautentwicklung from *ost); aLat. also ossum; unclear is das a- in O.Ir. asil “limb, member” (O.Corn. esel, Bret. ezel ds.), M.Ir. asna m. “Rippe” (*astoni̯o-?), M.Welsh ass-en, pl. eis (*astī), asseu “Rippe, lath, shaft, pole”, Welsh asgwrn (see under), wherefore probably Lat. asser “lath, shaft, stake, pole”; perhaps here O.Ir. odb m. “knot, hunch, outgrowth “, Welsh oddf ds. from *ozbho-, older *ost-bho-, welter to Gk. ὀσφύς “hip, haunch” (different S. 773); Hitt. ḫastüi- “bone, Widerstandskraft”.

    Note: Hitt. ḫastüi- “bone” : Alb.Gheg ashti “bone” prove the common origin of those two cognates. A ko-derivative *ost-ko- lies the basic in: Av. asća- ‘shinbone, calf”, Arm. oskr “bone”; Welsh asgwrn “bone”, pl. esgyrn, Corn. ascorn, Bret. askourn ds. (Celt. forms -rno-).

    References: WP. I 185 f., WH. II 225 f., Schwyzer Gk. 1, 518, Benveniste Origines 1, 6 f., Specht IE Decl. 74; Meillet BSL 33, 259.